A県内の看護教育機関に在学する1年生114名を対象に予防接種対象となっている小児期感染症に関する調査を行い以下の結果がえられた。1.小児期感染症の罹患歴が「わからない」とする学生は風疹が24%、麻疹が19%、ムンプス14%、水痘9%であった。また、予防接種歴が「わからない」とする学生は水痘43%、風疹が41%、ムンプス38%、麻疹28%であった。2.罹患歴、予防接種歴の情報源は家族から聞いたとする人が多く、母子手帳で知ったとする人は少なかった。3.小児期感染症の抗体価の検査は、「受けたことがある」19.3%、「受けたことがない」23.7%、「わからない」57.0%であった。4.予防接種で成人期の小児期感染症の発症を防ぐことについて、「できると思う」50.9%、「できないと思う」22.8%、「わからない」26.3%であった。小児期感染症の罹患歴や予防接種歴が「わからない」とする人や抗体価の検査を受けたことがある人が少なかったことから、感染予防や予防接種に関する指導の必要性が示唆された。I conducted a survey on the attitude related to pediatric infectious disease requiring vaccination among 114 freshmen students who are studying at educational institutions of nursing science within A Prefecture, and obtained the following results. 1. Among the students who do not know their own history of pediatric infectious disease, rubella accounted for 24%, measles 19%, mumps 14%, and chickenpox 9% in respect to the vaccinations they received. Students who do not know their own history of vaccination had 43% of chickenpox, 41% of rubella, 38% of mumps and 28% of measles in terms of vaccinations they received. 2. Most of the students obtained the information of their diseases and vaccination history from family, and a few students knew it from their mothers maternity passbook records. 3. Students who had the Serum Antibody Titer Test of pediatric infectious disease occupied 19.3%, those who did not take the test accounted for 23.7% and those who do not know if they took the test or not accounted for 57%. 4. Students believing to be able to prevent the development of pediatric infectious disease in adulthood by way of vaccination occupied 50.9%, those believing it is not possible to prevent it accounted for 22.8%, and those who are not sure if it is possible or not accounted for 26.3%. As preventive measures for pediatric infectious diseases hereafter, it is advised to implement the Serum Antibody Titer Test along with positive health education related to vaccination for freshmen students.