Patients with head and neck cancer are often already malnourished before the start of treatment, therefore nutrition management is essential for enhancing the effectiveness of therapy. Carbohydrate metabolism in cancer cells is mainly anaerobic glycolysis with poor energy production efficiency, which contributes to an increase in energy consumption in cancer patients. When considering the nutrition management of cancer patients, the supply of nutrients to create an aerobic glycolysis-dominated environment is the key point. Nutrition management before and after cancer treatment is also important. Anti-cancer drugs used in chemoradiotherapy are transported to the parts of the body by binding with albumin in the blood. Therefore, in the low albumin state, the blood concentration of the antitumor agent rises immediately and side effects easily develop. Malnutrition is regarded as one of the risk factors for complications in chemoradiotherapy. The importance of nutrition management in the perioperative period has been widely recognized in recent years. In the field of gastroenterological surgery, the postoperative early recovery protocol "ERAS" has already been generalized. However, in the field of head and neck surgery, standard perioperative management methods have not yet been established.