The purpose of this study is to consider the principles of space formation of the city of Varanasi, which is well known as "the holiest city" in India. In the city, there are thousands of temples and shrines, and several pilgrimage routes, which are said to be organized complicatedly based on the Hindu cosmology. This paper discusses such religious elements in terms of how they have influenced the formation of the urban space, based on the field survey of Antargriha. First, it is considered, the basic urban structure of Varanasi focusing on the geography, streets systems and the conceptual system of the pilgrimage routes, and secondly, the circumstances of the physical urban space, analyzing the distinct feature of pilgrimage points, the distribution of temples and shrines and the transformation of a block.