In previous studies on optimized single-layer latticed domes, the inner space and external shape of the optimized dome is different from those of the initial dome. This difference may result in loss of structural functionality and aesthetics intended by the designers, making it difficult to separately evaluate the mechanical properties of the grid patterns and shape of the surface. In this study, 64 types of single-layer latticed domes having different geometric properties are optimized to obtain mechanically effective grid patterns. Six types of objective functions are employed. The nodal coordinates of the domes serve as the design variables under geometrical constraints, where the nodes of the domes can be shifted on the surface area. The geometric and mechanical properties of the optimized grid patterns are evaluated quantitatively against the objective functions. Moreover, interactions between the geometric and mechanical properties are investigated. The results show that the optimized grid pattern has superior mechanical properties and geometric imperfection sensitivity. This optimization scheme can be applied for designing mechanically effective grid patterns for single-layer latticed domes.