This chapter introduces octacalcium phosphate/collagen composite (OCP/Col), which is a new bone regenerative material consisted of synthetic OCP and porcine atelocollagen. It starts by presenting a development of OCP/Col as it overcomes the limitations of OCP in moldability and handling performance. It then explains the features of OCP/Col through its preclinical studies. OCP/Col surpassed bone-regenerative properties of existing bone substitutes, and achieved sufficient bone regeneration without cell transplantation and exogenous osteogenic cytokines. Also, it has excellent resorbability and high cost performance without complicated handling or management system. Thereafter it explains that its doctor-initiated clinical research and sponsor-initiated multicenter clinical trial for the bone defect in oral and maxillofacial region. By the end of the chapter, it discusses that the future outlook of OCP/Col including the newly developed bone regenerative therapy based on OCP/Col.