The research and development of next-generation innovative medicines is a prominent interest of both the government and industries in Japan. On June 29, 2017, a kickoff meeting of a new research group focused on the quality issues of biopharmaceuticals was held in Tokyo with Prof. John Carpenter as an invited guest. The group's research focuses mainly on the evaluation and control of protein aggregates/subvisible particles in drug products, but the research topics also include glycan analysis, host-cell protein evaluation, bioassay validation, and analytical quality by design. The purpose of the group's activities is to resolve the critical and fundamental quality issues important to pharmaceutical companies through the collaboration of industries, academia, and regulatory agencies. In this commentary, our current plan to address these issues and the discussion at the kickoff meeting are described.