The paper “Ro-vibrational population distribution in the ground state of hydrogen isotopologues in LHD peripheral plasmas deduced from emission spectroscopy” by H. Ishihara, et al. (Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer, 267 (2021) 107,592, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jqsrt.2021.107592), has an error in the calculation of the ro-vibrational populations. This error affects figures 7–13 and Tables 2–5. We apologize to the concerned editors, reviewers, and the readers of the paper. We have noticed a calculation mistake in our analysis. The population of the upper state was divided by an extra [Formula presented]. We have also noticed some typos, in Eq. (1) hc must be in the denominator, and on page 6, description of Fig. 13, “reconstructed pullulation” must be “reconstructed population”. From the analysis with the correct population, higher values of the high and low rotational temperatures and higher values of the weighting factor of the high rotational temperature components were evaluated. However, the presence of two-temperature rotational distribution, the main conclusion of the paper, is still confirmed. In Figs. 7–10 Boltzmann plots are normalized by dividing them by the maximum value: [Formula presented]. The corrected Figs. 7–13 and Tables 2–5 are presented in the following.