Ectopic expression of defined sets of genetic factors can reprogram somatic cells to create induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. The capacity to direct human iPS cells to specific differentiated lineages and to their progenitor populations can be used for disease modeling, drug discovery, and eventually autologous cell replacement therapies. During mouse cardiogenesis, the major lineages of the mature heart, cardiomyocytes, smooth muscle cells, and endothelial cells arise from a common, multipotent cardiovascular progenitor expressing the transcription factors Isl1 and Nkx2.5. Here we show, using genetic fate-mapping, that Isl1(+) multipotent cardiovascular progenitors can be generated from mouse iPS cells and spontaneously differentiate in all 3 cardiovascular lineages in vivo without teratoma. Moreover, we report the identification of human iPS-derived ISL1(+) progenitors with similar developmental potential. These results support the possibility to use patient-specific iPS-generated cardiovascular progenitors as a model to elucidate the pathogenesis of congenital and acquired forms of heart diseases.-Moretti, A., Bellin, M., Jung, C. B., Thies, T.-M., Takashima, Y., Bernshausen, A., Schiemann, M., Fischer, S., Moosmang, S., Smith, A. G., Lam, J. T., Laugwitz, K.-L. Mouse and human induced pluripotent stem cells as a source for multipotent Isl1(+) cardiovascular progenitors. FASEB J. 24, 700-711 (2010). www.fasebj.org