We fabricated B-10-enriched (B-10 ceramics) and B-11-enriched (B-11 ceramics) Ca2B2O5:Tb ceramics as thermoluminescence (TL) materials for neutron detection applications. The TL properties of the ceramics after X-ray irradiation, particle beam irradiation, and neutron irradiation were investigated. The TL properties of the B-10 ceramics and B-11 ceramics after X-ray irradiation were similar, whereas the neutron-induced TL intensity of the B-10 ceramics was significantly higher than that of the B-11 ceramics. The different TL properties of these ceramics are due to the alpha-rays, Li ions, and gamma-rays generated during the B-10(n, alpha)Li-7 reaction. The lower limit of neutron detection by the ceramics was less than 2 x 10(7) neutrons cm(-2), which was lower than those of several previously reported TL materials. Therefore, these ceramics can be applied as TL dosimetry materials for neutron detection.