<p>The aim of this study was to examine the prospective associations between school maladjustment and rolefulness over a period of three years. We tested the hypothesis that rolefulness would negatively predict school maladjustment in high school students. The present study utilized data from 282 students (55% girls) who completed all assessments in three waves during these three years. Cross-lagged panel analyses indicated a significant relationship between school maladjustment and rolefulness across the waves. More specifically, these results suggest that social rolefulness mediated between lack of social competence and lack of perceived self-acceptance or sign of maladjustment.</p>