To date, successfully developed EVPOMEs in a serum-free culture system without a feeder layer are the most acceptable and promising oral mucosal substitutes for human intraoral grafting because of minimal risk of foreign contaminants, easy handling and stitching, subsequent rapid revascularization into dermal component after transplantation, and contribution to favorable open wound closure without functional compromise, although several types of oral mucosal substitutes described in this article have been used in patients.