© 2015 ISIJ. The effect of metal types on the residual stresses has been researched through X-ray stress measurement for the electron-beam welding joints made of sheet metals with a thickness of approximately 10 mm. The finite-element method (FEM) has also been used to analyze the experimental results and verify the residual stress characteristics. Consequently, it has been revealed that the residual stress near the weld toe in the longitudinal direction along the weld axis becomes tensile to a larger extent as the yield strength of the testing material is higher. By contrast, in the transverse direction, the residual stress close to the weld toe has been found to be compressive to a higher degree as the yield strength of the testing material is bigger. These correlations can be observed not only for ferritic and martensitic steel materials but also for other types of metals such as austenitic stainless steel of SUS304 and aluminum alloy of A5052.