We performed fresh autogenous bone grafting from the symphysis mandible (chin bone grafting: CBG) in 47 patients, and obtained favorable results.<BR>Since CBG involves grafting of particulate cancellous bone and marrow, bone formed rapidly. Because the grafted bone was taken from the oral cavity, CBG was less stressful than iliac bone grafting to patients. However, as only a small quantity of bone can be taken, this method cannot be used when there is substantial bone loss. Some patients showed disturbances of the mental nerve and felt a slight upward extrusion of the mandibular anterior teeth after surgery, but these symptoms disappeared within several days or weeks.