2014
Cellular responses to Staphylococcus aureus alpha-toxin in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.
Allergology International
- Volume
- 63
- Number
- 4
- First page
- 563
- Last page
- 573
- Language
- English
- Publishing type
- Research paper (scientific journal)
- DOI
- 10.2332/allergolint.14-oa-0703
- Publisher
- Japanese Society of Allergology
Background: In contrast to Staphylococcus aureus-derived superantigenic exotoxins, the role of non-superantigenic exotoxins in the pathogenesis of eosinophilic airway diseases remains obscure. We sought to characterize S. aureus alpha-toxin-induced cellular responses in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP).<br> Methods: Dispersed nasal polyp cells and uncinate tissue cells were prepared from patients with CRS with and without nasal polyps, respectively. Cells were incubated with various concentrations of alpha-toxin or staphylococcal enterotoxin B and then the levels of IL-5, IL-13, IFN-γ, IL-17A, and IL-10 in the cell supernatants were determined. The pathophysiological significance of alpha-toxin-induced cytokine production was also determined including radiological severity of rhinosinusitis, tissue and blood eosinophilia, serum total IgE level, and 1-s forced expiratory volume/forced vital capacity ratio (FEV1/FVC).<br> Results: Nasal polyp cells produced substantial amounts of IL-5, IL-13, IFN-γ, IL-17A, and IL-10 in response to alpha-toxin. Cytokine production was higher in nasal polyp cells than in uncinate tissue cells. The potency of alpha-toxin in stimulating IL-5, IL-13, and IL-10 production was comparable to that of enterotoxin. Alpha-toxin-induced IFN-γ, IL-17A, and IL-10 production significantly and negatively correlated with the degree of eosinophil infiltration into nasal polyps. Conversely, alpha-toxin-induced IFN-γ and IL-10 production significantly and positively correlated with FEV1/FVC. IL-10 production was significantly lower in asthmatic patients compared to non-asthmatics<br> Conclusions: S. aureus-derived alpha-toxin can provoke cellular responses in nasal polyps. These responses, especially failure to synthesize IL-10, may play a role in the pathophysiology of CRSwNP.<br>
- Link information
- ID information
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- DOI : 10.2332/allergolint.14-oa-0703
- ISSN : 1323-8930
- CiNii Articles ID : 130004705227
- Pubmed ID : 25056228