The development process of the computational mechanics of sediment transport is reviewed briefly. First, the importance of the description of the irregular motion of the sediment particle, which consists the essential part of the non-equilibrium sediment transport process, is explained. Secondary, the multiphase flow model for the modeling of the flow/sediment interaction is reviewed. As the increase of the sediment concentration, not only the flow/sediment interaction but also the particle/particle interaction, or interparticle collision, play the significant role. The application of the granular material model of the interparticle collision to the sediment transport process is also reviewed.Finally the unresolved problems and the prospects of the computational mechanics of sediment transport are discussed briefly.