We evaluated water molecular displacement in vertebral bone marrow using q-space analysis to provide the detailed data on changing bone information. On a 1.5T MRI, single-shot diffusion echo planar imaging was used with multi b values. Displacement of the water molecules was obtained from the displacement probability profile calculated by Fourier transform of the signal decay as a function of the reciprocal spatial vector q. Mean water molecular displacement was determined in the lumbar vertebral body(L2&ndash;L4)of eleven normal subjects, and then compared with the bone mineral density(BMD)obtained with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry(DXA). Moreover, fat fraction(FF)of the bone marrow was measured with spectral adiabatic inversion recovery(SPAIR)in the same subject. A strong positive correlation was found between mean water molecular displacement and BMD in the vertebral bone marrow(R²=0.92, P<0.001). Moreover, a negative correlation was noted between mean water displacement and FF(R²=0.69, P<0.01). In addition, there was a negative correlation between BMD and FF(R²=0.73, P<0.05). Water molecular displacement analysis with q-space makes it noninvasively possible to obtain more detailed information on changing bone marrow composition, and metabolism.