2001年3月
Influence of alkyl sulbstitution on the gas-phase stability of 1-adamantyl cation and on the solvent effects in the solvolysis of 1-bromoadamantane
JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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- 巻
- 66
- 号
- 6
- 開始ページ
- 2034
- 終了ページ
- 2043
- 記述言語
- 英語
- 掲載種別
- DOI
- 10.1021/jo0015265
- 出版者・発行元
- AMER CHEMICAL SOC
1-Adamantyl cations having three methyl groups or one, two, or three isopropyl groups on the 3-, 5-, and 7-positions were found by FT ICR to be more stable than the l-adamantyl cation and that the stability increases with the number of isopropyl group. The relative stabilities calculated by PM3 were in good agreement with the experimental results. In contrast, the sequence of the rates for the solvolysis in nonaqueous solvents are 3,5,7-(Me)(3)-1-AdBr < 1-bromoadamantane (1-AdBr) < 3,5,7-(n-Pr)(3)-1-AdBr < 3,5,1-(i-Pr)(3)-1-AdBr. The rates of solvolysis of 3,5,7-(i-Pr)3-1-AdBr and 3,5,7-(n-Pr)(3)-1-AdBr relative to 1-AdBr at 25 <degrees>C are 15 and 3.8 in EtOH, respectively, but markedly decreases with the increase in the amount of added water, reaching 0.84 and 0.15, respectively, in 60% EtOH. Reflecting these effects of water, the Grunwald-Winstein (GW) relationship for 3,5,7(i-Pr)(3)-1-AdBr and 3,5,7-(n-Pr)3-1-Ad.Br against Y(Br) is linear for nonaqueous alcohols (EtOH, MeOH, TFE-EtOH, TFE, 97% HEIP), but marked downward deviations are observed for aqueous organic solvents, in particular, aqueous ethanol and aqueous acetone. The effect of the alkyl substituents to diminish relative solvolytic reactivity in EtOH-H(2)O mixtures may be ascribed to a blend of steric hindrance to Bronsted base-type hydration to the P-hydrogens and hydrophobic interaction of the alkyl groups with ethanol to make the primary solvation shell less ionizing. The introduction of one nonyl group to the 3-position showed much smaller deviations in the GW relationship than the case of 3,5,7-(n-Pr)3-1-AdBr. The markedly decelerated solvolysis of alkylated 1-bromoadamantanes in aqueous organic solvents is a kinetic version of anomalously diminished dissociation of alkylbenzoic acids in aqueous ethanol and aqueous tert-butyl alcohol that was demonstrated by Wepster and co-workers a decade ago and ascribed to hydrophobic effects.
- リンク情報
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- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1021/jo0015265
- CiNii Articles
- http://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/80012305022
- PubMed
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11300897
- Web of Science
- https://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=JSTA_CEL&SrcApp=J_Gate_JST&DestLinkType=FullRecord&KeyUT=WOS:000167630500015&DestApp=WOS_CPL
- ID情報
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- DOI : 10.1021/jo0015265
- ISSN : 0022-3263
- CiNii Articles ID : 80012305022
- PubMed ID : 11300897
- Web of Science ID : WOS:000167630500015