Calretinin-immunoreactivity (CR-ir) was examined in the rat oro-facial and pharyngeal tissues using an immunofluorescence method. CR-ir was distributed in the entire size range of trigeminal ganglion neurons. CR-ir was also observed in nerve fibers surrounding neuronal cell bodies in autonomic ganglia, and in nerve endings in the lip, tongue, incisal papilla, soft palate, pharynx and epiglottis. CR-immunoreactive nerve endings were all in close proximity to the epithelium, and classified into 2 types; simple (free nerve ending) and taste-bud-related types. In the salivary gland, positive nerve fibers were seen around large excretory ducts. The present study indicates that viscerosensory (probably including gustatory) nerve fibers innervating the oral and pharyngeal tissues contain CR, while somotosensory nerve fibers innervating the facial skin are devoid of CR.