2018年11月15日
Influence of cognitive resource allocation on the attraction effect in multi-alternative decision making: An experimental study using a dual-task paradigm
The 59th Annual Meeting of the Psychonomic Society
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- 記述言語
- 英語
- 会議種別
- ポスター発表
- 主催者
- The Psychonomic Society
- 開催地
- New Orleans, USA
Studies of the attraction effect usually utilize a three-alternative (target, competitor, and decoy) decision-making task in which each alternative has two attributes (Tsuzuki & Busemeyer, 2012; Tsuzuki & Guo, 2004). When the decoy attributes are slightly inferior to those of the target, the choice probability of the target increases compared to that of the competitor. The attraction effect in multi-alternative decision making reflects the context-dependent violation of axioms that are considered fundamental to rational choice. This effect is believed to depend on relatively effortless and intuitive processing (System 1 of the dual-process theory) rather than on effortful and elaborative processing (System 2). In our previous study (Tsuzuki, Takeda, & Chiba, 2016) that investigated the relationship between cognitive resources and the attraction effect in detail, we used a task-irrelevant probe technique (Takeda & Kimura, 2014) and measured the electroencephalographic (EEG) responses to the probes. We found that the mean N1 amplitudes of the event-related potentials (ERPs) elicited by the auditory probes were significantly larger when participants chose the target than when they chose the competitor. In this study, to confirm the a priori assumption of the previous experiment, we performed an additional experiment without measuring ERPs to examine the competition between a visual three-alternative decision-making task and an auditory oddball task (i.e., the detection of a target). We examined whether or not the choice proportion of the target (i.e., the strength of the attraction effect) was influenced by performing an auditory oddball task. Because the auditory oddball task should consume the cognitive resources, it was predicted that the attraction effect would increase when the participants performed the visual decision-making task concurrently with the auditory oddball task compared with when the participants performed only the visual decision-making task and ignored the auditory stimuli.