論文

査読有り
2008年3月

Traffic jams without bottlenecks - experimental evidence for the physical mechanism of the formation of a jam

NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
  • Yuki Sugiyama
  • ,
  • Minoru Fukui
  • ,
  • Macoto Kikuchi
  • ,
  • Katsuya Hasebe
  • ,
  • Akihiro Nakayama
  • ,
  • Katsuhiro Nishinari
  • ,
  • Shin-ichi Tadaki
  • ,
  • Satoshi Yukawa

10
開始ページ
033001
終了ページ
記述言語
英語
掲載種別
研究論文(学術雑誌)
DOI
10.1088/1367-2630/10/3/033001
出版者・発行元
IOP PUBLISHING LTD

A traffic jam on a highway is a very familiar phenomenon. From the physical viewpoint, the system of vehicular flow is a non-equilibrium system of interacting particles (vehicles). The collective effect of the many-particle system induces the instability of a free flow state caused by the enhancement of fluctuations, and the transition to a jamming state occurs spontaneously if the average vehicle density exceeds a certain critical value. Thus, a bottleneck is only a trigger and not the essential origin of a traffic jam. In this paper, we present the first experimental evidence that the emergence of a traffic jam is a collective phenomenon like 'dynamical' phase transitions and pattern formation in a non-equilibrium system. We have performed an experiment on a circuit to show the emergence of a jam with no bottleneck. In the initial condition, all the vehicles are moving, homogeneously distributed on the circular road, with the same velocity. The average density of the vehicles is prepared for the onset of the instability. Even a tiny fluctuation grows larger and then the homogeneous movement cannot be maintained. Finally, a jam cluster appears and propagates backward like a solitary wave with the same speed as that of a jam cluster on a highway.

リンク情報
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/10/3/033001
Web of Science
https://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=JSTA_CEL&SrcApp=J_Gate_JST&DestLinkType=FullRecord&KeyUT=WOS:000254098300001&DestApp=WOS_CPL
ID情報
  • DOI : 10.1088/1367-2630/10/3/033001
  • ISSN : 1367-2630
  • Web of Science ID : WOS:000254098300001

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