The dynamic magnetic properties of the Kondo-insulator state in CeFe2Al10 (spin gap, resonance mode) have been investigated using polarized neutrons on a single crystal of pure CeFe2Al10 . The results indicate that the magnetic excitations are polarized mainly along the orthorhombic a axis and their dispersion along the orthorhombic c direction could be determined. Polycrystalline samples of Nd- and Rh-doped CeFe2Al10 were also studied by the time-of-flight technique, with the aim of finding out how the low-energy magnetic excitation spectra change upon isoelectronic substitution of a rare-earth element (Nd) on the magnetic Ce site or electron doping (Rh) on the transition-element Fe sublattice. The introduction of magnetic Nd impurities strongly modifies the spin gap in the Ce dynamic magnetic response and causes the appearance of a quasielastic signal. The crystal-field excitations of Nd, studied in both LaFe2Al10 and CeFe2Al10, also reveal a significant influence of f -electron hybridization (largest in the case of Ce) on the crystal-field potential. As a function of the Rh concentration, a gradual change is observed from a Kondo-insulator to a metallic Kondo-lattice response, likely reflecting the decrease in the hybridization energy.