The aim of this study was to develop a simple, noninvasive method for quantifying both regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and the partition coefficient (lambda) using N-isopropyl-p-[I-123]iodoamphetamine and SPECT. Methods: By employing a two-compartment model (influx, K-1; outflux, k(2)), a new method was introduced that requires two serial SPECT scans at 30 min and 60 min, and a single arterial sample 5 min after tracer injection. The integral of the arterial input function is inferred from the sample by using the correlation obtained from 25 subjects. Two original mathematical functions, Phi for K-1 and Gamma for h (= K-1/k(2)), were obtained from the input functions of 12 subjects. The values of K-1 and lambda are determined from the two scans and the single arterial sample by using these functions. The values obtained for K-1 (= rCBF) and lambda weve compared with those obtained by nonlinear least-squares fitting analysis and the Xe-133 inhalation SPECT method, Results: K-1 and lambda were in good agreement with the values obtained by nonlinear least-squares fitting analysis (r = 0.873 in K-1 and r = 0.825 in lambda), and rCBF values were closely correlated with those obtained by the Xe-133 method (r = 0.843). Conclusion: The proposed method has three advantages: (a) accurate, simultaneous quantification of both rCBF and the partition coefficient; (b) simplicity and noninvasiveness; and (c) a relatively short period (approximately 70 min) for the study.