This paper deals with the discourses by Mahatma Gandhi over the atomic bomb dropped at Hiroshima and Nagasaki during World War II, and analyzes his political view through the background of the international relations when the war was terminated and independence of India was going to be realized. The paper first analyses Gandhi's hesitation and strange delay to make his message on the atomic bomb public, and discusses the international relations as the background, in which the British government was going to accept India to obtain independence, and there were still concerns about the expansion of political influence by the United States over Asian countries to replace, and a growing tendency towards the policy of nuclear diplomacy. With the beginning of cold war, the doctrine of nuclear deterrence started to wear reality, but Gandhi was restraining to the people's overconfidence on its effectiveness, and called the people's attention to the facts that the atomic bombs were already used in the war, and the first nuclear test after the end of war was carried by the United States Army at Bikini on July 1st, 1946.本稿の内容の一部は、2010年7月4日に、NIHU現代インド地域研究・龍谷大学拠点、京都大学拠点、京都大学グローバルCOE、及び関連する科研の合同ワークショップにおいて報告された。