In this study, we synthesized four chiral helical poly(phenyleneethynylenes) having optically active menthoxycarbonyl groups and desubstituted the chiral groups in membrane state. Polycondensations of (+)-menthyl 3,5-diethynylbenzoate with (+)-menthyl 3,5-diiodobenzoate, 1,2-diiodobenzenen, 1,3-diiodobenzene, and 1,4-diiodobenzene using PdCl(2)(PPh(3))(2)-PPh(3)-Cul were afforded helical polymers in good yields (named as PMtMt, o-PMtH, m-PMtH, and p-PMtH, respectively). Among them, PMtMt in a mixture of chloroform/benzene showed the largest Cotton effect in absorption region and gave self-supporting membrane by solvent-casting method. PMtMt membrane also showed a Cotton signal similar to that observed in solution. Desubstitution of PMtMt proceeded quantitatively by immersing the membrane into alkaline solution at room temperature for 3 days. The desubstituted PMtMt membrane showed circular dichroism (CD) signals similar shape to that of the original membrane in the UV region in despite of the polymer having no chiral moieties except for helical conformation. This is the first example of synthesis of chiral helical poly(phenyleneethynylenes) without the coexistence of any other chiral moieties. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.