Toyomu Masaki - My portal - researchmap

Profile Information

Affiliation: Professor, Institute of Human and Social Sciences Faculty of Economics and Management, Kanazawa University

Degree: Ph.D（Economics）(Sep, 2001, Kobe University)
MA(Economics)(Mar, 1995, Kobe University)
DEA(Oct, 1997, Université de Bordeaux IV)

Researcher number: 30315527
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1319-5666
J-GLOBAL ID: 200901057335920864
researchmap Member ID: 1000304740

My research focuses on the economic history of West Africa, especially "money matters" taking their colonial history into account. Among them, the guinée cloth used as a means of payment and the CFA Franc used in the former French West African countries are subjects I am most interested in.

My target audience was Japanese readers and policymakers. As a result, most of my works have been published in Japanese, while English titles are displayed automatically on this English website. After realizing the importance of writing my papers in English, I gradually began writing research articles in English. Updated information will be posted on this website.

Research Interests

10

Research Areas

3

Research History

9

Apr, 2011 - Present

Professor, Faculty of Economics & Management,, Kanazawa University,
Oct, 2019 - Dec, 2019

Visiting Scholar, Faculty of History,, University of Cambridge,
Jul, 2018 - Sep, 2018

Visiting fellow, Clare Hall, University of Cambridge,
Mar, 2018 - Sep, 2018

Visiting Scholar, Faculty of History,, University of Cambridge,
Sep, 2017 - Feb, 2018

Visiting scholar, GRHis,, Université de Rouen Normandie,
May, 2015 - Apr, 2016

Visiting Scholar, African Studies Center,, Boston University,
Oct, 2004 - Mar, 2011

Associate Professor,, Kanazawa University
Apr, 2001 - Oct, 2004

Associate Professor, Faculty of Economics,, Kushiro Public University,
Apr, 1999 - Mar, 2001

Lecturer, Kushiro Public University,

Education

5

Apr, 1995 - Sep, 2001

Economic Development and Policies, Ph. D course, International Cooperation Studies, Kobe University
Sep, 1996 - Oct, 1997

Development Economics, DEA course, Graduate School, Division of Economics, Universite de Bordeaux IV
Oct, 1995 - Sep, 1996

DEA course, Centre d'Etudes Afrique Noire, Universite de Bordeaux IV
Apr, 1993 - Mar, 1995

Economic Developmnet and Policies, Master course, International Cooperation Studies, Kobe University
Apr, 1989 - Mar, 1993

Economics (BA), Faculty of Economics, Osaka City University

Committee Memberships

4

May, 2017 - May, 2020

Editorial Committee, Journal of African Studies (AFRICA-KENKYU), Japan Association for African Studies
May, 2017 - May, 2020

学会誌『アフリカ研究』編集委員, 日本アフリカ学会
May, 2014 - May, 2020

International Commitee, Japan Association for African Studies,
May, 2014 - May, 2020

国際交流委員, 日本アフリカ学会

Awards

2

Papers

30

The Management of the Bank of Senegal and the Formation of a Colonial Economy, 1840s–1901

Toyomu MASAKI

African Studies Review, 66(3) 595-617, Mar 22, 2023 Peer-reviewedLead author
116

Indian guinée cloth, West Africa, and the French colonial empire 1826–1925: Colonialism and imperialism as agents of globalization

Toyomu Masaki

Economic History of Developing Regions, 37(2) 101-127, 2022 Peer-reviewedLead authorCorresponding author
The colonization of French West Africa and postal money transfer services 1874-1955: Seeking the origin of the compte d'operation

Toyomu MASAKI

Entreprises et Histoire, (105) 42-51, Dec, 2021 Peer-reviewedCorresponding author
Export of Indian guinee to Senegal via France : intercolonial trade in the long nineteenth century

Toyomu MASAKI

Soio-Economic History, 81(2) 239-260, Aug, 2015 Peer-reviewed
Background of the Establishment of La Banque du Senegal (1853-1901) and Facts

Masaki Toyomu

Special Issue Frontiers of Development Studies on Africa and India, Journal of economics and business administration(Kobe University), 211(1) 39-57, Jan, 2015 Invited
Formation Process of WAEMU/WAMU and the Recent Moves (2)- After the devaluation of the CFA franc in 1994

MASAKI Toyomu

Africa, 54(4) 38-47, Dec, 2014 Invited
Formation Process of WAEMU/WAMU and the Recent Moves(1) －From the perspective of the Relationship with France

MASAKI Toyomu

Africa, 54(3) 40-49, Sep, 2014 Invited
The Muride Blotherhood(4)Toward the comprehension of the socio-economic system of the Republic of Senegal

Toyomu MASAKI

Kanazawa University Economic Review, 34(2) 251-273, Mar, 2014
The Mouride Brotherhood(3)Toward the comprehension of the socio-economic system of the Republic of Senegal

Toyomu MASAKI

Kanazawa University Economic review, 34(1) 155-194, Dec, 2013
The Mouride brotherhood(2)Toward the comprehension of the socio-economic system of the Republic of Senegal

Toyomu MASAKI

Kanazawa University Economic Review, 33(2) 201-232, Mar, 2013
The Mouride brotherhood(1)Toward the comprehension of the socio-economic system of the Republic of Senegal

Toyomu MASAKI

Kanazawa University Ecoomic Review, 33(1) 203-242, Dec, 2012
Second-prize article in the Commemorative Essay Contest: Globalization and regionalization in West Africa: overcoming the colonial divide

Toyomu MASAKI

Quarterly bulletin of third world studies, 51(3) 44-67, 2011 Peer-reviewed
Export competitiveness of the CFA Franc Zone Countries: examinations of their real effective exchange rates (1999-2006)

正木響(Toyomu MASAKI

Journal of international development studies, 19(2) 101-118, Nov, 2010 Peer-reviewed
Two economic integrations in western Africa: the origins and the current situation

正木響(Toyomu MASAKI

Kanazawa University economic review, 29(2) 325-361, Mar, 2009
UEMOA and the real effective exchange rates (1999-2006)

Masaki Toyomu

The Economic review, 28(2) 277-303, Mar 31, 2008
French merchants and Senegal society in the 19th century (2)

正木響(Toyomu MASAKI

The Economic review, 27(2) 223-256, Mar, 2007
French Merchants and Senegal Society in the 19th Century 〔1〕

正木響(Toyomu MASAKI

The Economic review, 26(2) 315-252, Mar, 2006
Japanese Contribution to Malaysian Economic Development: Lessons for Africa, African and Asian Studies

African and Asian Studies, 4(4) 575-602, 2005 Peer-reviewed
The French Penetration into Senegal and Merchants of Bordeaux in the 19th Century : The Maurel et Prom Company and The Bank of Senegal

MASAKI Toyomu

Regional research, Kushiro Public University of Economics, 13 163-184, Dec 15, 2004
French Mercantillism in 18th Century and Prosperity of a Prosperity of a Port Town : Bordeaux and Triangular Trades

MASAKI Toyomu

Memoirs of Kushiro Public University of Economics. Humanities and natural sciences, 16 65-89, Mar 19, 2004

More

Books and Other Publications

14

The Formation of Colonial Economies and African Societies: Focusing on Senegal, French : West Africa (Yoko NAGAHARA ed. Series of Iwanami Lectures on World History 18: African Regions)

Toyomu MASAKI (Role: Contributor)

Iwanami-Shoten, Nov 1, 2022 (ISBN: 400011428X)
Spheres of money, payments, and credit systems in the colony of Senegal in the long nineteenth century, in Pallaver, Karin ed. Monetary Transitions Currencies, Colonialism and African Societies

Toyomu MASAKI (Role: Contributor, Chapter 3)

Palgrave Macmillan, Nov 17, 2021 (ISBN: 3030834603)
The Export of Indian Guinée to Senegal via France: Inter-colonial Trade in the Long Nineteenth Century, in ed. Tomoko Shiroyama, Modern Global Trade and the Asian Regional Economy (Monograph Series of the Socio-Economic History Society, Japan)

Toyomu MASAKI (Role: Contributor, Chapter 4)

Springer, Jun 25, 2018 (ISBN: 9811303746)
Various aspects of currencies:Cawry, Colonial Currency, Common Currency and Vertual Currency

MASAKI Toyomu, 木田剛, 竹内幸雄 (Role: Contributor, In book ed by Kida,T and Y. Takeuchi, Africa)

Minerva, Kyoto., Mar, 2017 (ISBN: 4623076288)
An overview of the Murid Sufi Order and Its Globalization: Considering Its Role as an Intermediary Organization between the State and Atomized Individuals

MASAKI Toyomu

Center for Islamic Studies, Sophia University, Feb, 2017
”Globalization and Regionalization of Africa”(in English)

MASAKI Toyomu (Role: Contributor, In book ed. by Takahashi, M. and K.Kitagawa, Contemporary African Economies: A Changing Continent under Globalization, pp.205-230)

African Development Bank, Jul, 2016
“Globalization and Regionalization of African Economy” (in Japanese)

MASAKI, Toyomu (Role: Contributor, in book ed. by Kitagawa, K and Takahashi, M., African Economy)

Minerva, Kyoto., Oct 15, 2014 (ISBN: 4623071723)
“Africa and Global Economy”(in Japanese)

MASAKI, Toyomu, 日本, 学会 (Role: Contributor, in book ed. by Japan Association for African Studies, Encyclopedia of African Studies)

Showado, Kyoto, Jun, 2014 (ISBN: 4812214157)
“Metamorphose of the World Economy and Economic Development in Africa”( in Japanese).

MASAKI, Toyomu (Role: Contributor, in book ed. by Kawabata, M. and T.Ochiai, Africa and the World)

晃洋書房, Apr, 2012 (ISBN: 4771023212)
“The negotiation for the cession of Gambia to France and its historical background”(in Japanese).

MASAKI, Toyomu (Role: Contributor, in book ed. by Inose, K. and K. Kitagawa, Africa and Empire)

Koyo Shobo, Kyoto, Mar, 2011 (ISBN: 4771021724)
“Wider Europe and Neighborhood countries” (in Japanese)

Masaki,Toyomu (Role: Contributor, in book ed. by Wakamori,F, Yagi,K., Shimizu,K and Nagao,S. Ed. Regional Perspective of European Union)

Minerva, Kyoto., Nov, 2007 (ISBN: 4623049930)
Japanese Contribution to Malaysian Economic Developmen;lessons for Africa

Adem, Seifudein (Role: Contributor, in Adem, Seifudein ed.Japan, a Model And a Partner: Views And Issues in African Development (International Studies in Sociology & Social Anthropology))

Brill, Aug 8, 2006 (ISBN: 9004152709)
“Structural Adjustment”(in Japanese)

TAKAHASHI, M, MASAKI Toyomu (Role: Contributor, in book ed. by Kitagawa, K and ed.,African Economy)

Minerva Shobo, Kyoto., Dec 1, 2004 (ISBN: 4623041603)
“Economic Significance of NEPAD”(in Japanese)

MASAKI Toyomu, 大林稔 (Role: Contributor, in book ed. by Obayashi, M.,African Challenge-NEPAD)

Showado, Dec, 2003 (ISBN: 4812203112)

Presentations

48

22

A history of guinée cloth (Nila) beyond the 'Saharan Divide': Focusing on the origins of its function and changes in circulation within the Western Sahel around the turn of the 20th century

Toyomu MASAKI, Malainine EBNOU

Workshop to Commemorate the Conclusion of Inter-University Agreements University of Nouakchott & Kanazawa University, Mar 29, 2023
The French Invasion of Haut Senegal and payment issues:1880-1900 The emergence of a multiplex payment system

Toyomu MASAKI

World Economic History Congress 2022, Jul 28, 2022
Indian guinee cloth, West Africa, and the French colonial empire 1826-1925: Colonialism and Imperialism as agents of globalization

Toyomu Masaki

Global History Seminar (Osaka University), Jan 28, 2022 Invited
The Management of the Bank of Senegal and the Formation of a Colonial Economy, 1840s–1901 in a Roundtable: Studying Transnational Money in Colonial Africa chaired by Gerold Krozewski

Toyomu MASAKI

African Studies Association (USA）, Nov 19, 2021 Invited
Spheres of money and payment systems in the colony of Senegal and its protectorates in the long nineteenth century

MASAKI Toyomu

International Workshop "Monetary transitions in colonial Africa", Jan 16, 2020, Karin Pallaver (University of Bologna) Invited
French struggles to make payments with cotton cloth in the territories of Upper Senegal in the 1880s

MASAKI Toyomu

International Workshop on Money in West Africa : The economic and social history of the transitions from commodity to colonial currencies, Dec 17, 2019, Toyomu Masaki & Gareth Austin
How France made Senegal its colony:From an Aspect of the Financial System Established in the Nineteenth Century

MASAKI Toyomu

14th Annual Meeting of the African Economic History Networ, Oct 22, 2019
Weights of Money, Credibility and Sphere of the Money circuit: Observations through a Monetary Evolution in West Africa

MASAKI Toyomu

the 15th Kanazawa seminar on Global Economy, Jul 11, 2019
The Bank of Senegal (1840’ to 1901): The Background of the Establishment and its Impacts on the French Colonization of West Africa

MASAKI Toyomu

Transnational money and the formation of economies and states in Africa, 1870s-1960s (Osaka University), Jun 20, 2019 Invited
Credibility, Transaction Costs, and the Number of Monies in an Economic Sphere: A view of difficult transitions from multiple to a single currency in West Africa

MASAKI Toyomu

World Economic History Congress Boston 2018, Jul 30, 2018, MIT
“Guinée cloth and Western Africa (1815-1929): A history of global stakeholders in the French colonial empire"

MASAKI,Toyomu

Global Economic History Seminar, Faculty of History, University of Cambridge, Jun 15, 2018, Prof. Gareth Austin & Dr. Bronwen Everill Invited
La crédibilité du franc CFA: Une histoire du compte d’opération

MASAKI Toyomu

Séminaires de la Mission historique, Banque de France, Feb 5, 2018 Invited
50

Let’s talk about money in West Africa considering its relation with Asia:From Indian cotton cloth to a single currency

MASAKI Toyomu

Nouvelles territorialités entre l’Asie et l’Afrique, Jan 24, 2018, EHESS Invited
A historical transition of the compte d’opération:From a payment system to an operating account of foreign reserves in the French colonial empire

MASAKI Toyomu

WEHC2018 Pre Conference Session, Dec 16, 2017, Kansai University Invited
Why is money an issue in West Africa

MASAKI Toyomu

Research Institute of Business Administration, Waseda University, Nov 10, 2017, Waseda University Invited
Compte d'operation and its effects on the economy of the UMOA

MASAKI Toyomu

Money in Africa, Oct 10, 2017, Banco de Portugal, Banque de France, The European Association for Banking and Financial History(EABH) Invited
Guinée cloth (Indian cotton cloth and its imitation) exported to Western Africa

MASAKI Toyomu

Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University, Jan 29, 2017 Invited
Sufism in Senegal: Overview of Murid Tarika and the Global Expansion and its Significance

MASAKI Toyomu

Sophia University, Nov 12, 2016 Invited
Guinée cloth exported to Western Africa via France 1815-1929: Focusing on the change of transit points and destinations at the turn of the century

MASAKI, Toyomu

VI Annual Meeting of the African Economic History Network, Oct 22, 2016
207

Globally connecting the facts:A history of guinee cloth exported to French territories in Western Africa via France, 1833-1925

MASAKI Toyomu

African Studies Center, Boston University, Apr 20, 2016

More

Misc.

18

The Quiet Demise of the CFA Francs and the Emergence of Two ECOs: West Africa and Its Currency in a Chaotic World Political Economy

Toyomu MASAKI

Africa Report, 62 15-22, Feb 22, 2024 Peer-reviewedLead authorCorresponding author
A History of Guinée Cloth (Nila) beyond the 'Saharan Divide’ Focusing on the origins of its function and changes in circulation within the Western Sahel around the turn of the 20th century

Toyomu MASAKI, Malainine EBNOU

Kanazawa University, Faculty of Economics and Management, Discussion Paper Series, (73) 1-22, Mar, 2023
The French Colonization of West Africa and Indian indigo-dyed cloth guinee

Toyomu MASAKI

Africa, 2022(Spring) 24-27, Mar, 2022 InvitedCorresponding author
Book Review: Franklin Obeng-Odoom, Property, institutions, and social stratification in Africa, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2020

Toyomu MASAKI

Evolutionary and Institutional Economics Review, Feb 28, 2021 Peer-reviewedInvitedLead author
International Collaborative Research: The Purposes, Methods and Significances

Masaki, Toyomu

Journal of African Studies (Afurika Kenkyu), (97) 31-32, Jun, 2020 Peer-reviewedInvitedLead author
From the CFA franc to the ECO?: An Interpretation on the Announcement of the New Common Currency for the ECOWAS

MASAKI Toyomu

Africa Report, (57) 87-92, Oct, 2019 Peer-reviewed
Weights of Money, Credibility and Sphere of the Money Circuit: Observations Through a Monetary Evolution in West Africa

MASAKI Toyomu

Discussion Paper Series No.44, Faculty of Economics and Management, Kanazawa University, Aug, 2018
Archives nationales du Sénégal

MASAKI Toyomu

Bulletin de la Siciété franco-japonaise des sciences historiques, (32) 49-55, Jul, 2017 Invited
"Guinee Cloth Exported to Western Africa Via France from 1815 to 1929: Focusing on Changes in Transit Points and Destinations at the Turn of the Century"

MASAKI Toyomu

Discussion Paper Series No.29 Faculty of Economics and Management, Institute of Human and Social Sciences, Kanazawa University, Oct, 2016
The 58th Africa Studies Association Participation Report

MASAKI Toyomu

Africa Kenkyu, (89) 37-41, May, 2016 Invited
Multiple monies in Senegambia (1815–1901)—Indian cotton, silver coin, and paper money—,

Toyomu MASAKI

Discussion Paper Series, Faculty of Economics & Management, Kanazawa University, (25), Jul, 2015
もう一つのアフリカ:The 10th Annual African Economic Forum in Columbia Universityに参加して

正木響

アフリカ研究, 82 31-34, 2013 Lead author
(Book Review)Temitope W. Oshikoya ed., Monetary and Financial Integration in West Africa

正木響(Toyomu MASAKI

Asia Keizai, 53(2) 40-45, Feb, 2012
書評 Anne-Marie Gulde and Charalambos Tsangarides eds., The CFA franc zone: common currency, uncommon challenges

正木響

アジア経済, 50(7) 67-71, Jul, 2009
Monetary Integrations in Western Africa and the Real Effective Exchange Rates 1999-2006

Toyomu MASAKI

Discussion Paper Series, Faculty of Economics & Management, Kanazawa University, (13), Mar, 2009
Trade partners and the real effective exchange rates of UEMOA countries(1999-2006)

Discussion Papers Series, No.10, Faculty of Economics, Kanazawa University, 1--35, 2008
綿花イニシアティブと西・中部アフリカ4カ国の綿花生産

平成18年度南米・アフリカ地域食料農業情報調査分析検討事業実施報告書, 95-123, 2007
(Book Review)Paul R. Masson and Catherine Pattillo The Monetary Geography of Africa Brookings Institution Press, Washington, D. C., 2005

正木響

Journal of African Studies, 2006(69) 189-191, 2006

Research Projects

12

French Fiscal system for colonies and its role for the formation of monetary and financial system of the Former French West Africa.

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research（Ｃ）, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research（Ｃ）, JSPS, Apr, 2020 - Mar, 2024

Toyomu MASAKI
Multiplex paymeny systems and the evolution of central banking

Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Apr, 2019 - Mar, 2023
A Study of Trade and Credit System with Commodity money in the Western Sahel: 19th-20th Centuries

Santo Research Grant, Kanazawa University, Aug, 2022 - Mar, 2023
The Regional Fragmentation and the Integration to the World Economy of Western Africa through a Perspective of Currencies:19th and 20th Century

JSPS Fostering Joint International Research, Grant Number 15KK0080, Fund for the Promotion of Joint International Research (Fostering Joint International Research), The Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Apr, 2016 - Mar, 2020

MASAKI Toyomu
The Regional Fragmentation and the Reintegration of West African Economy through a Perspective of Currencies:20th and 21th Century

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C),Grant Number 16K03771, The Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Apr, 2016 - Mar, 2020

MASAKI Toyomu
The Contribution of the Multiple-Payment System on the Economic Development : The Modern Banking History Revised

Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Apr, 2016 - Mar, 2019

Nishimura Takeshi, Iwahashi Masaru, van Bochove C. J., Feenstra A., Metzler M., Hudson P., Calboni M.
The Regional Fragmentation and the Integration to the World Economy of Western Africa from a perspective of Currencies:19th and 20th Century

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research(C), Grant Number 24530394, Fund for the Promotion of Joint International Research (Fostering Joint International Research), The Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Apr, 2012 - Mar, 2017

MASAKI Toyomu
Formation Process and Economic Functions of Intermediate Organizations; Historical and Theoretical Studies on Asia and Africa

Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A), Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Nov, 2011 - Mar, 2014

TERANISHI Juro, FUKUDA Shinichi, INOUE Yoko, SONE Yasuo, IINO Aya, TAKAHASHI Motoki, MASAKI Toyomu, MURASE Hideaki, MIENO Fumiharu, TOYA Hideki, MATSUBARA Kiyoshi, ASAMI Yasuhito, ASADA Yoshihisa, ANDO Munetomo, KANBAYASHI Ryo
The CFA Franc and the Economic Development of WAEMU countries: The effects of the Devaluation during the Resource Boom

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C),Grant Number 20530234, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), The Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Apr, 2008 - Mar, 2011

MASAKI Toyomu
Corporations and Regional Development: The case of Senegal in 19th Century(域外企業が地域経済の深化に与える影響ー仏企業のセネガルにおける史的展開を中心にー)

Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B),Grant Numebr 17730216, The Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Apr, 2005 - Mar, 2007

MASAKI Toyomu
域外企業が地域経済の深化に与える影響-仏企業のセネガルにおける史的展開を中心に-

科学研究費助成事業, 若手研究(B), 日本学術振興会, 2005 - 2006

正木響
Corporations and Regional Development: The case of Francophone Africa in 19th century(域外企業が地域進化に果たす役割～旧フランス領西アフリカでの仏系企業の史的展開を中心に)

Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B) ,Grant Number 14730060, The Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Apr, 2002 - Mar, 2005

MASAKI Toyomu

Teaching Experience

5

Professional Memberships

7

Academic Activities

10

Anonymous Reviewer：Evolutionary and Institutional Economics Review

Peer review
Anonymous Reviewer：Africa Kenkyu

Peer review
Anonymous：International Economic Journal

Peer review
Anonymous Reviewer：Journal of International Development Studies

Peer review
Anonymous Reviewer：The journal of international public policy

Peer review
Anonymous Reviewer：Economic Anthropology

Peer review
Anonymous Reviewer：Bulletin de la Société franco-japonaise des sciences historiques

Peer review
Anonymous Reviewer： African Review of Economics and Finance

Peer review
Anonymous Reviewer：Economic History Review

Peer review
Anonymous Reviewer：Human and Socio-Environmental Studies

Peer review

Other

5

20

An organizer of a Workshop to Commemorate the Conclusion of Inter-University Agreements University of Nouakchott & Kanazawa University

Mar, 2023 - Mar, 2023

https://keikei.w3.kanazawa-u.ac.jp/english/infopage_english.html?art_id=52
11

Anthony G. Hopkins先生セミナー開催

May, 2022

https://keikei.w3.kanazawa-u.ac.jp/infopage.html?art_id=58
12

An Organizer (with Gareth Austin at the University of Cambridge )of International Workshop "Money in West Africa" at Clare Hall, University of Cambridge

Dec, 2019 - Dec, 2019

https://sites.google.com/view/moneyinwestafrica/%E3%83%9B%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A0 https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/africa/2020/97/2020_55/_article/-char/ja/
（Education）Two papers selected in Nikkei Stock League in 2003

Sep, 2003 - Mar, 2004
(Education) A Prize of Nikkei Stock League (Section: University) in 2001

Sep, 2001 - Mar, 2002

https://manabow.com/sl/result/2/