MISC

1999年8月15日

Slow dynamics of supercooled colloidal fluids: spatial heterogeneities and nonequilibrium density fluctuations

Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications
  • M. Tokuyama
  • ,
  • Y. Enomoto
  • ,
  • I. Oppenheim

270
3
開始ページ
380
終了ページ
402
記述言語
英語
掲載種別
DOI
10.1016/S0378-4371(99)00172-7
出版者・発行元
Elsevier Science Publishers B.V.

The coupled diffusion equations recently proposed by Tokuyama for concentrated hard-sphere suspensions are numerically solved, starting from nonequilibrium initial configurations. The most important feature of those equations is that the self-diffusion coefficient Ds(Φ) becomes zero at the glass transition volume fraction φg as Ds(Φ) approx. D0|1 - Φ(x,t)/φg|γ with γ = 2 where Φ(x,t) is the local volume fraction of colloids, D0 the single-particle diffusion constant, and φg = (4/3)3/(7 ln 3 - 8 ln 2 + 2). This dynamic anomaly results from the many-body correlations due to the long-range hydrodynamic interactions. Then, it is shown how small initial disturbances can be enhanced by this anomaly near φg, leading to long-lived, spatial heterogeneities. Those heterogeneities are responsible for the slow relaxation of nonequilibrium density fluctuations. In fact, the self-intermediate scattering function is shown to obey a two-step relaxation around the β-relaxation time tβ approx. |1 - φ/φg|-1, and also to be well approximated by the Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts function with an exponent β around the α-relaxation time tα approx. |1 - φ/φg|-η, where η = γ/β, and φ is the particle volume fraction. Thus, the nonexponential α relaxation is shown to be explained by the existence of long-lived, spatial heterogeneities.

リンク情報
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4371(99)00172-7
ID情報
  • DOI : 10.1016/S0378-4371(99)00172-7
  • ISSN : 0378-4371
  • SCOPUS ID : 0033359747

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