The objective of this paper is to analyze the characteristics and future of human resource management of Japanese companies in South Africa. At first I surveyed the present conditions and characteristics of the South African labor market, labor laws and employment system and examined the relations between the government, labor unions, employer groups having a great influence on the employment and labor legislation reform. Then, I clarified the problems and solutions in human resource management of Japanese companies after having studied some cases. Finally, based on these findings, I made some suggestions to Japanese companies about how to develop business in globalizing South Africa.