In the present study, synthetic wastewater (SW) was used for production of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (P3HB) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) P(3HB-co-3HV) using the bacteria Hydrogenophaga palleronii. SW at various volatile fatty acids concentrations (5-60 g/l) was evaluated for the growth and biopolymer production using H. palleronii. Substrate degradation was analyzed using total organic carbon (TOC) analyzer and high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). H. palleronii showed highest and lowest removal of TOC at 5 g/l (88 +/- 4%) and 60 g/l (15 +/- 6%) respectively. Among all the concentrations evaluated, bacteria showed highest biopolymer production with 20 g/l (63 +/- 5%), followed by 30 g/l (58 +/- 3%) and 40 g/l (56 +/- 2%). Lowest biopolymer production was observed at 5 g/l concentration (21 +/- 3%). Structure, molecular weight, and thermal properties of the produced biopolymer were analyzed. These results denoted that the strain H. palleronii can be used for degradation of high concentration of volatile fatty acids persistent in wastewaters and their subsequent conversion into useable biopolymers. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.