この研究は高比剛性を持つ高機能性紙の開発である。2ヶ月から4年生の竹、メロカンナ、デンドロカラムス、ホウライチク、ホウライコマチと孟宗竹から竹繊維を取り出した後、アルカリ処理を行った。竹の種類、年齢に限って単繊維の機械的特性の多様性を評価した。紙の比剛性に及ぼす単繊維のアスぺクト比の影響についても研究した。高アスペクト比を持つ竹単繊維を取出すため、アルカリ処理、硝酸法、灰浸漬法、爆砕処理、爆砕処理後にアルカリ処理等、5種類の繊維束抽出方法を行った。セラックの添加による紙の比剛性への影響を明らかにした。若い竹から取り出した単繊維は結晶性のセルロースを多く含むために繊維自身の弾性率が高かった。アルカリ処理法により抽出された高アスペクト比を有する繊維を選択すれば,繊維接触点数が増加し高比剛性な紙を得られた。セラックを竹紙内部でのバインダとして使用することで紙の比剛性は向上した。抄紙過程においてエタノールの存在が水素結合を妨げるためにエタノール中にセラックが溶解されたセラックニスよりも粒子状のセラックをバインダとして添加する事が適切である。The purpose of this study is to develop the paper with high specific elastic modulus. The bamboo fibers were alkali treated after the extraction from young melocanna and dendrocalamus, horaikomachi, horaichiku, and Moso bamboo trees, respectively, in which their age was between 2 months to 4 years old. The differences of mechanical properties and dimensions of single fibers according to the species, parts, age of bamboo were investigated. The effect of the aspect ratio of single fibers on the specific elastic modulus of paper was investigated. Several kinds of pulping methods were examined for extracting single fiber, which have high aspect ratio: (a) Ash treated bamboo fiber, (b) Nitric acid treated bamboo fiber, (c) Steam exploded bamboo fiber, (d) Alkali treated bamboo fiber after steam explosion, (e) Alkali treated bamboo fiber. Finally, the effect of shellac on the specific elastic modulus of paper fabricated with bamboo fibers was discussed. High elastic modulus of single fibers was obtained when relatively young bamboo that included high content of cellulose was selected as the material. High specific elastic modulus of paper was obtained due to the increase of the density of connecting point with fibers in the paper when the fiber with high aspect ratio was extracted from bamboo with alkali treatment. The specific elastic modulus of paper was improved by the addition of shellac in the paper. The addition of particle-like shellac without ethanol as a binder was better than the addition of the shellac lacquer, in which shellac was dissolved in the ethanol for ethanol to disturb hydrogen bond between the fibers in the papermaking process.