AimIn Japan, the incidence of water bathing-related cardiopulmonary accidents among older people is high in winter. The purpose of the present study was to investigate alterations in physiological characteristics and subjective thermal sensations of older people when bathing in a cool environment.
MethodsWe assessed the skin temperature, rectal temperature, blood pressure, pulse rate, body fluid loss (sweat and urine), and subjective thermal responses of 11 older healthy male and 10 young male volunteers throughout 42 degrees C and 39 degrees C bathing in a room at 20 degrees C with 50% humidity.
ResultsAt 42 degrees C bathing, the rectal temperature during bathing and in the post-bathing period were significantly lower in the older men than in the young men, and skin temperature during the post-bathing period decreased gradually in the older men. Systolic blood pressure and pulse rate immediately increased just after entering 42 degrees C water and decreased during bathing in the older men. With the activities of dressing, systolic blood pressure increased followed by a decrease during the post-bathing period. Thus, double product (pulse rate x systolic blood pressure) increased during the bathing period. Although there was no significant difference in body fluid loss between the older and younger men in 42 degrees C water, the older men produced significantly less sweat. The older men also reported feeling less warm after 42 degrees C bathing, and feeling less cold during the post-bathing period after 39 degrees C bathing.
ConclusionsThese results suggest that hot water bathing during cold seasons might induce more serious physiological changes in older people. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 2164-2170.