We developed a highly sensitive chemiluminescent (CL) assay for hydrogen peroxide using 10-methyl-9-(phenoxycarbonyl) acridinium fluorosulfonate (PMAC) that produced chemiluminescence under neutral conditions and applied it to an enzyme immunoassay (EIA). One picomole of hydrogen peroxide could be detected using the optimized PMAC-CL method and 6.2 × 10-20 mol β-d-galactosidase (β-gal) could be detected by combining an indoxyl derivative substrate and the proposed PMAC-CL method. This highly sensitive CL β-gal assay was applied to an EIA for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) using β-gal as a label enzyme; 0.02-100.0 μU/mL TSH in human serum could be assayed directly and with high reproducibility. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.