The effects were compared of T0901317, a liver X receptor agonist, on deposition in the liver and serum and lymphatic absorption of plant sterols in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSPs) having a missense mutation in Abcg5, which codes for ATP-binding cassette transporter (ABC) G5, with those in Wistar rats. Both strains were pair-fed for 7 d with a 0.5% plant sterol diet with or without 5 mg/kg of body weight of T0901317. The deposition of plant sterols in the liver and serum was higher in SHRSPs than in Wistar rats. A significant reduction of plant sterol deposition was observed in Wistar rats, but not in SHRSPs when T0901317 was given. Both strains were then fed for 7 d with a control diet with or without T0901317. The lymphatic absorption of plant sterols was reduced to almost half the normal level by the T0901317 treatment. However, no difference in absorption was apparent between SHRSPs and Wistar rats regardless of the T0901317 treatment. These results suggest that the plant sterol deposition in SHRSPs was not necessarily caused by the increased absorption of plant sterols.