<title>Abstract</title>
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<title>Background</title>
Few previous studies have examined the relationship between hospital volume and hazard of death for head and neck cancer patients. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between hospital volume and 5-year survival from diagnosis among head and neck cancer patients.


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<title>Methods</title>
Using data from the population-based Osaka Cancer Registry, hospital volume was divided into three volume groups according to the number of head and neck cancer treatments identified between 2009 and 2011. We analysed the association between hospital volume and 5-year survival among 3069 patients aged 0–79 using Cox proportional hazard models, adjusting for characteristics of patients.


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<title>Results</title>
Compared with head and neck cancer patients in high-hospital volume, patients treated in middle- and low-hospital volume were found to have a higher risk of death (middle-hospital volume: hazard ratio = 1.26; 95% confidence interval, 1.09–1.46, low-hospital volume: hazard ratio = 1.24; 95% confidence interval, 1.06–1.46).


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<title>Conclusions</title>
We found a significantly higher risk of hazard of death in middle- and low-hospital volume than in high-hospital volume for head and neck cancer.


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