This chapter introduces recent developments in nanopore decoding methods for DNA computing, its potential application, and future challenges. In conventional DNA computing methods for logic gate operations, the outputs are detected and decoded mainly by processes that need multiple time-consuming processes or molecular labeling, for example, gel electrophoresis or fluorescence measurements. Nanopore technology is a candidate for rapid and label-free decoding for single-molecule detection or DNA sequencing, bringing about electrical and simple decoding of DNA computing. Previous work has turned out that DNA decoding with the nanopore through enzymatic reactions or in water-in-oil droplets is promising for DNA computing. In addition, DNA computing combined with nanopore decoding has clinical applications, including microRNA detection for early diagnosis of cancers.