MISC

2002年

Who are the truly socially disadvantaged?

APSA 2002 Proceedings
  • YOSANO Arinori
  • ,
  • Kenji Kosaka

Pp1-8

Contemporary Japanese society is now challenged by multiple problems. One of the tasks of sociologists is to suggest a social policy which could solve problems, sometimes contradicting each other. We take up here two particular problems: one is the sense of unfairness among people, and the other is the financial crisis. If we were too generous to give public assistance, it would deteriorate the financial situation at a societal level. If we fail to convince people of the legitimacy of a given distribution of resources, it would raise the sense of unfairness among people. To tackle with these requirements, we have to identify the truly disadvantaged group as a target for a public assistance.By referring to the 1995 SSM (Social Stratification and Social Mobility) study data, we first show that all the aged are not truly underprivileged. By use of cluster analysis, we identify hypothetically the truly needed among the aged, and then to formulate to find the truly socially underprivileged by use of the Boolean approach on the basis of information even the authorities can have an access to. We would thus predict socially underprivileged by nearly 70 percent. It is to be noted that in actual situation of public assistance we cannot avoid two types of error of inferences simultaneously.

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