<p>To establish technologies for controlling <i>Tricholoma matsutake</i> in forest is of great significance not only in ensuring sustainable use of this species but also in increasing motivation for forest management. In this study, we tried to establish a method for tracing <i>T. matsutake</i> at an individual level without its sporocarp. Our monitoring site was located in Ina City, Nagano Prefecture. Fifty sporocarps derived from different fungal species, which were occurred within 500 m of <i>T. matsutake</i> shiros (shiros), were identified by sequencing with the ITS primers (ITS1F and ITS4). In addition, using each of 21 microsatellite (SSR) markers developed in <i>T. matsutake</i>, DNA amplification was checked for the respective sporocarps. After screening the highly-specific SSR markers, soil DNAs which were extracted from five shiros and their surroundings were analyzed.</p>