In this paper, we analyzed survey results obtained thus far to consider how high school students and adults in Japan and Germany understand science and technology.<br>The results indicate that high school students and adults alike do not have a clear understanding about the differences between science and technology, and what science is. Both adults and high school students are favorably disposed towards science and technology objectively, and understand correctly its impact on themselves and society. However, Germany has a higher awareness of science and technology than Japan.<br>The tendency in Japan that science is increasingly disliked as school years go up is probably formed only in the school context.