A phylogenetic tree is a graphical representation of an evolutionary history in a set of taxa in which the leaves correspond to taxa and the non-leaves correspond to speciations. One of important problems in phylogenetic analysis is to assemble a global phylogenetic tree from smaller pieces of phylogenetic trees, particularly, quartet trees. Quartet Compatibility is to decide whether there is a phylogenetic tree inducing a given collection of quartet trees, and to construct such a phylogenetic tree if it exists. It is known that Quartet Compatibility is NP-hard but there are only a few results known for polynomial-time solvable subclasses.
In this paper, we introduce two novel classes of quartet systems, called complete multipartite quartet system and full multipartite quartet system, and present polynomial time algorithms for Quartet Compatibility for these systems. We also see that complete/full multipartite quartet systems naturally arise from a limited situation of block-restricted measurement.