This study examines recent changes in the structure of migration and population by gender in the Extended Bangkok Region (EBR) taking the influences of economic globalization into consideration. The EBR is understood here to consist of three concentric zones, namely the Bangkok Metropolis (BM), the Vicinity and the Extended Urban Region (EUR). The spatial policy of the Thai government has encouraged investors to build manufacturing factories outside the BM. Consequently the industrial structure of the BM has turned strongly into service-dominated while the Vicinity and the EUR have attracted factories mainly owned by foreign capitals. Light industries and electronics industries, both of which set up relatively earlier, concentrated on the Vicinity, the adjacent provinces to the BM, while heavy and petrochemical industries are recently have developed in the outer regions, the EUR. Service sectors and light industries as well as electronics industries prefer females to males to employ as workers. As a consequence the population structures of the BM and the Vicinity became female-dominant while male workers were likely to gather in the EUR attracted by heavy and petrochemical industries. The gender imbalance in the population in the areas in concern may have been one of the consequences of the economic globalization of Thailand. The Thai government supported the economic globalization through its investment promotion policy, but it seems that the government did not assume the policy resulted in such gender imbalance. It can be suggested that in the future this gender imbalance may cause changes in family formation behaviors of the Thai population.