Friedrich Hayek denied that the concept of social justice—a general expression widely used in daily face-to-face conversations and the mass media—had any practical meaning in a modern society. The champion of the market economy claimed that it can be justified only in those societies in which there is a strict order of preference. This was not the case in a capitalist society in which the preferences of the players are totally diversified. Thus, the concept itself is a typical example of what Hayek called the animistic way of thinking and is justifiable only in old tribal societies or in families with a limited number of the members. Using Hayek’s The Road to Serfdom [1944], Law, Legislation and Liberty [1973-79] and his last book, The Fatal Conceit [1988], I adopt an economist’s perspective to investigate his social political theories with special attention to this concept.